Learn how to express necessity and obligations
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Becky: Hi everyone, and welcome back to VietnamesePod101.com. This is Beginner Season 1 Lesson 7 - Going to a Language School in Vietnam. Becky here. |
| Huyen: Xin Chào. I'm Huyen. In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use the verbs cần and phải to express necessity and obligations. |
| Becky: The conversation takes place at a Japanese school. |
| Huyen: It's between Linh and the administrative assistant at the school, Mai. |
| Becky: The speakers are strangers, so they will be speaking formal Vietnamese. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
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| Linh: Chào chị, em muốn đăng ký học tiếng Nhật ạ. |
| Mai: Em ngồi đi. |
| Linh: Em phải làm những thủ tục gì để vào học ạ? |
| Mai: Đầu tiên em cần điền thông tin về khóa học mong muốn vào mẫu đơn này. Sau đó, em sẽ làm bài kiểm tra trình độ. Sau khi có kết quả, trường sẽ chọn lớp phù hợp cho em. |
| Linh: Làm bài kiểm tra trình độ có mất phí không ạ? |
| Mai: Miễn phí em nhé. Còn đây là thông tin về học phí và thời gian biểu. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation one time slowly. |
| Linh: Chào chị, em muốn đăng ký học tiếng Nhật ạ. |
| Mai: Em ngồi đi. |
| Linh: Em phải làm những thủ tục gì để vào học ạ? |
| Mai: Đầu tiên em cần điền thông tin về khóa học mong muốn vào mẫu đơn này. Sau đó, em sẽ làm bài kiểm tra trình độ. Sau khi có kết quả, trường sẽ chọn lớp phù hợp cho em. |
| Linh: Làm bài kiểm tra trình độ có mất phí không ạ? |
| Mai: Miễn phí em nhé. Còn đây là thông tin về học phí và thời gian biểu. |
| Becky: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Linh: Hello, miss. I would like to register for a Japanese course. |
| Mai: Please sit down. |
| Linh: What procedures will I have to follow to be admitted to school? |
| Mai: First, you will need to fill in this form for your desired course. Then you will take a test for placement. After looking at the test results, our school will choose a suitable class for you. |
| Linh: Will I have to pay any fees for the level check test? |
| Mai: It's free, miss. And here is some information about school fees and schedules. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Becky: In the dialogue, Linh tried to enroll in a Japanese school. Huyen, is Japanese a popular second language in Vietnam? |
| Huyen: Yes, it is. Japanese is the second most popular foreign language after English, especially among young people in Vietnam. |
| Becky: Why is that? Is it for economic reasons, for example, getting a better job? |
| Huyen: Definitely. Over the past few years, Japan has invested a lot in Vietnam, so the number of Japanese companies and Japan-Vietnam joint venture companies has increased rapidly. |
| Becky: I can see why many Vietnamese students also want to study in Japan. Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Becky: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Huyen: đăng ký [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to register, to apply |
| Huyen: đăng ký[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: đăng ký [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: làm thủ tục [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to follow a procedure |
| Huyen: làm thủ tục[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: làm thủ tục [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: vào học [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to be admitted to school, to enroll in |
| Huyen: vào học[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: vào học [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: điền [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to fill in |
| Huyen: điền[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: điền [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: khóa học [natural native speed] |
| Becky: course |
| Huyen: khóa học[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: khóa học [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: bài kiểm tra trình độ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: level check test |
| Huyen: bài kiểm tra trình độ[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: bài kiểm tra trình độ [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: chọn [natural native speed] |
| Becky: to choose |
| Huyen: chọn[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: chọn [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: miễn phí [natural native speed] |
| Becky: free |
| Huyen: miễn phí[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: miễn phí [natural native speed] |
| Becky: Next we have.. |
| Huyen: học phí [natural native speed] |
| Becky: school fee |
| Huyen: học phí[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: học phí [natural native speed] |
| Becky: And last.. |
| Huyen: thời gian biểu [natural native speed] |
| Becky: timetable, schedule |
| Huyen: thời gian biểu[slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Huyen: thời gian biểu [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Becky: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Huyen: đăng ký |
| Becky: meaning "to register” or “to apply." |
| Huyen: This expression can be found in many cases related to “registration” or “to register” something. For example.. đăng ký dự thi |
| Becky: It means “to register for an exam or contest,” right? |
| Huyen: That’s right. dự means “to attend,” thi means “a test” or “a contest,” and using the phrase đăng ký, meaning “to register” or “to apply,” you can make the phrase đăng ký dự thi. |
| Becky: “to register for an exam or contest.” What about “to register for a study course”? |
| Huyen: In that case, you can use the verb học meaning “to study” and say đăng ký học. |
| Becky: “to register to study,” or “to register at school” |
| Huyen: Then you can add the name of the subject, for example, tiếng Nhật which means “Japanese language.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Becky: In this lesson you will learn how to ask about a specific procedure. |
| Huyen: And here we’ll focus on two verbs - cần and phải. You can use these to express necessity and obligation. |
| Becky: What do they mean? |
| Huyen: The first word Cần means “to need” and phải means “to have to.” |
| Becky. I see. And like in English, you can put this verb before another one to say “You need to do something” and “You have to do something,” right? |
| Huyen: That’s correct. They're interchangeable, but phải, which means “to have to,” sounds a bit stronger. |
| Becky: I see. So how can we use them in a real sentence? |
| Huyen: First, using cần, you can make a sentence like Bạn cần luyện tập nhiều hơn. |
| Becky: Meaning “You need to practice more” Can you break this down? |
| Huyen: First we have Bạn, the pronoun for “you,” and cần means “need to.” Next we have another verb, luyện tập meaning “to practice,” and finally nhiều hơn meaning “more.” All together, we have Bạn cần luyện tập nhiều hơn. |
| Becky: “You need to practice more.” So basically, the order is subject, “need to,” and the other verb. |
| Huyen: That’s right. phải can be used in the same way. For example.. Bạn phải viết. |
| Becky: “You have to write.” |
| Huyen: Here, we have the subject bạn meaning “you” and then phải meaning “to have to.” |
| Becky: Then we have the other verb meaning “to finish.” |
| Huyen: That’s right. viết means “to write.” |
| Becky: Great. And after that, we can add some clauses showing the reason or purpose the same way you’d say “you have to do something in order to...” How can we do that with Vietnamese? |
| Huyen: First, to show the purpose, you can put the word để which means “in order to”, then the other verb showing the purpose. |
| Becky: Okay. So how can I say “in order to gain experience”? |
| Huyen: In that case, first say để meaning “in order to” and the phrase có kinh nghiệm sống, which means “to gain experience.” In a full sentence, you can say.. Sinh viên cần làm thêm để có kinh nghiệm sống. |
| Becky: “Students need to do a part-time job in order to gain experience.” |
| Huyen: It can be broken down into two parts. First Sinh viên cần làm thêm, meaning “students need to do a part-time job.” It has the word cần meaning “need to” after the subject. |
| Becky: Then we have the part starting with “in order to,” right? |
| Huyen: Yes. để có kinh nghiệm sống. It starts with the word để meaning “in order to” and có kinh nghiệm sống “to gain experience.” |
Outro |
| Becky: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Huyen: Cảm ơn các bạn. |
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