Vietnamese Comparatives & Superlatives - Basic Vietnamese Grammar

Learn about comparatives and superlatives

Lesson Transcript

Wanna speak real Vietnamese from your first lesson?

Hey guys, it's Linh. Welcome back to VietnamesePod101.com.

The fastest, easiest, and most fun way to learn Vietnamese.

I know you hear me saying all the time: The fastest, easiest, and most fun way and this video today is gonna be about them. So we are talking about the comparative and superlative but it’s very very easy.

Trust me because you only need to remember two words. I'm gonna tell you now. Let's get started.

So number one we will talk about the comparative which is

hơn

hơn is the word that you have to remember after the adjectives okay? Instead of adding like “er” or “ier” after the adjectives you only need to remember this word hơn and then you put the adjectives before the word

for example

xinh hơn means “more beautiful” or xấu hơn means “more ugly” or

tốt hơn means “better” and tệ hơn is “worse”

also we have

đắt hơn is “more expensive" and rẻ hơn means “cheaper"

or cũ hơn means older or mới hơn means “newer"

all right now let's take a look at some examples some sentences to see how we use them okay?

Chiếc điện thoại mới này của tôi đắt hơn chiếc cũ.

It means “This new phone of mine is more expensive than the old one.”

You will see Chiếc điện thoại is the phone

mới này

Chiếc điện thoại mới này is “this new phone”

Của tôi means “my", “mine” or “of mine”

“is more expensive”, then here you will see that we say

đắt hơn

so đắt is “expensive” and hơn is “more”

instead of saying “more expensive”

we will say “expensive more” - đắt hơn

And chiếc cũ is “the old one”

here you will see that we don't use to be verb

if you want to say something is something

like you describe something or you use adjectives after

to be verb, then you can leave to be verb

instead of saying là mới or là đắt, we just say mới or đắt

Next one

Nấu ăn tại nhà rẻ hơn đi ăn ở ngoài.

Nấu ăn tại nhà means “cooking at home"

rẻ hơn means cheaper

so no “to be” verb here

we don't have to say “is cheaper”

we just say “cheaper”

đi ăn ở ngoài means “eating out”

Nấu ăn tại nhà rẻ hơn đi ăn ở ngoài.

“Eating at home” or “Cooking at home is cheaper than eating out”

Next one

Ăn rau tốt hơn ăn thịt.

means “Eating vegetables is better than eating meat”.

Ăn rau tốt hơn ăn thịt

so ăn rau- eating

you don't have to transform the verb

to verb-ing or something

if it is at the beginning of the sentence

we just use the original form of the verb

Ăn rau tốt hơn ăn thịt.

Đi du lịch ở Việt Nam rẻ hơn đi du lịch ở nhiều nước.

rẻ hơn is “cheaper”

and the opposite of “cheaper” is “more expensive” which is đắt hơn

Ok? We have rẻ hơn- đắt hơn

Đi du lịch ở Việt Nam means “traveling in Vietnam”

and đi du lịch ở nhiều nước means “traveling in many other countries”

Đi du lịch ở Việt Nam rẻ hơn đi du lịch ở nhiều nước.

and it's true: traveling in Vietnam is very very affordable

compared with some Asian countries.

If you have a plan to travel this year, just come to Vietnam.

Láp tốp của tôi cũ hơn của bạn.

it means “My laptop is older than yours.”

So we have cũ hơn means older

and the opposite of cũ hơn is

mới hơn

mới hơn means “newer”

Láp tốp của tôi cũ hơn của bạn.

here we have “laptop”

in Vietnamese we will pronounce a little bit differently

Láp tốp

And của tôi is a possessive right

and you put after the noun

Láp tốp của tôi

Ok?

Láp tốp của tôi cũ hơn của bạn.

Ok that's all for the comparative now we talk about the superlative

in this situation you only need to remember

one word which is

nhất

nhất means “number one” or “the first one”

nhất

now let's take a look at some examples

we have xinh nhất means “most beautiful”

or xấu nhất means “most ugly”

or we have cao nhất means “tallest”, “the tallest”

or thấp nhất: “shortest” or “the shortest”

đắt nhất: “most expensive”

and rẻ nhất: “cheapest”

Ok? So only one word and you can use with

any adjectives

nhất

now let's take a look at some examples

Cô ấy là người đẹp nhất công ty.

means “She is the most beautiful woman in her company.”

Cô ấy là người đẹp nhất công ty.

so here you will see Cô ấy: “she"

là người

là here we have “to be” verb because we talk, we use the word là so we have to

put “to be” verb but in some situations you can leave it

Cô ấy là người phụ nữ

người phụ nữ is “the woman”

đẹp nhất: “most beautiful”

công ty: “in her company”

in this situation you don't have to use

any prepositions for

in her company you only need to say

công ty then it's fine

It is completely correct

Cô ấy là người đẹp nhất công ty.

Anh ấy là sinh viên thông minh nhất trong trường đại học.

Means “He is the smartest student in his university.”

so the same similar with the previous sentence

anh ấy: “he”

là: “to be” verb

sinh viên thông minh nhất: “the smartest student”

trong trường đại học: :”in his university” or “in his college”

Anh ấy là sinh viên thông minh nhất trong trường đại học.

Last one

Đây là bộ phim hay nhất tôi từng xem.

Đây là bộ phim hay nhất tôi từng xem means “This is the best movie I've ever seen.”

in this situation we use the present perfect right and you will see the

structure tôi từng xem means “I have ever seen”

tôi từng xem

so here if you want to change the verb to the present perfect

you only need to put từng before the verb

từng xem means “I have ever seen” or

từng ăn means “I have ever eaten”

or từng uống means “I have ever drunk” okay?

Đây là bộ phim hay nhất tôi từng xem.

hay nhất is “the best movie”

Đây là bộ phim hay nhất tôi từng xem.

Alright easy isn't it?

in this lesson you only need to remember two words hơn for the comparative and nhất for the superlative.

I hope that it's helpful for you and let's try to use them immediately

after the lesson okay thank you so much for watching this video don't forget to

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See you in the next month's video, bye bye.

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