Learn how to use comparatives with two or more adjectives
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Eric: Hi everyone, and welcome back to VietnamesePod101.com. This is Intermediate Season 1 Lesson 4 - Talking About a Dinner Party in Vietnamese. Eric here. |
| Hoang Anh: I'm Hoang Anh. |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn about comparatives with two or more adjectives. The conversation takes place at home. |
| Hoang Anh: It's between Tâm and Nam. |
| Eric: The speakers are family members, so they’ll use informal Vietnamese. Okay, let's listen to the conversation. |
Lesson conversation |
|---|
| Tâm: Cuối tuần Susan và John sang Việt Nam đấy. |
| Nam: Thế à? Rủ họ đi ăn đồ ăn Việt Nam đi. |
| Tâm: Tất nhiên rồi. Nhưng em định mời họ về nhà mình ăn cơm. |
| Nam: Ăn ở nhà à? Em có biết nấu ăn không đấy? |
| Tâm: Anh đùa à? Em mà không biết nấu thì ai biết nấu. |
| Nam: Hihi, anh đùa thôi. Em nấu ngon mà. Ăn ở nhà rẻ và ngon hơn ăn ở ngoài nhiều. |
| Tâm: Ăn ở nhà cũng sạch hơn hẳn. |
| Nam: Ừ. Vậy, em định nấu món gì? Phở à? |
| Tâm: Không, phở thì họ ăn nhiều rồi. Em định làm bánh xèo và bánh bột lọc. |
| Nam: Ngon đấy. Nghĩ đến là đã thèm rỏ dãi rồi. |
| Eric: Listen to the conversation with the English translation. |
| Tâm: Susan and John are coming to Vietnam this weekend. |
| Nam: Really? Let's ask them to go eat Vietnamese food. |
| Tâm: Of course. But I plan to invite them to our house for a meal. |
| Nam: Eat at home? Do you know how to cook? |
| Tâm: Are you kidding? If I don't know then who else knows? |
| Nam: Haha, just kidding. You cook very well. Eating at home is much cheaper and more delicious than eating out. |
| Tâm: Eating at home is also absolutely much cleaner. |
| Nam: Right. So, what are you going to cook? Pho? |
| Tâm: No, they have eaten Pho many times. I'm going to make Vietnamese pancake and tapioca dumplings. |
| Nam: Delicious. Just thinking about it makes me drool. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Eric: Hoang Anh, Vietnamese pancakes are a popular food from southern Vietnam. Can you tell us more about them? |
| Hoang Anh: Sure. Bánh xèo, or Vietnamese pancake, is a fried pancake with a crispy rice batter made from flour, water and turmeric powder, stuffed with stir-fried pork, shrimp, onions and bean sprouts. It’s often served wrapped in lettuce leaves with some other herbs added, and dipped in a sweet and sour fish sauce. |
| Eric: What does its name mean? |
| Hoang Anh: Xèo means “sizzling” and that’s the sound it makes when you’re pouring mixed flour into hot oil in the frying pan to make the rice batter. Another very popular food is Bánh bột lọc, from Huế, a city in the center of Vietnam. |
| Eric: It’s a type of clear and chewy tapioca dumpling. The wrapper is made from tapioca powder and it’s filled with stir-fried pork belly and shrimp. |
| Hoang Anh: Bánh bột lọc is served with fried onion topping and sweet chili fish sauce. It makes a great appetizer or snack. |
| Eric: Sounds delicious! Okay, now onto the vocab. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Eric: Let’s take a look at the vocabulary from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hoang Anh: sang [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to come |
| Hoang Anh: sang [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: sang [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: rủ [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to invite, to ask someone to do something together |
| Hoang Anh: rủ [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: rủ [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: tất nhiên rồi [natural native speed] |
| Eric: of course |
| Hoang Anh: tất nhiên rồi [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: tất nhiên rồi [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: mình [natural native speed] |
| Eric: we, us |
| Hoang Anh: mình [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: mình [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: ăn cơm [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to eat rice, to have a meal |
| Hoang Anh: ăn cơm [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: ăn cơm [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: đùa [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to joke |
| Hoang Anh: đùa [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: đùa [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: ăn ở nhà [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to eat at home |
| Hoang Anh: ăn ở nhà [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: ăn ở nhà [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: ăn ở ngoài [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to eat out |
| Hoang Anh: ăn ở ngoài [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: ăn ở ngoài [natural native speed] |
| Eric: Next we have.. |
| Hoang Anh: nấu [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to cook |
| Hoang Anh: nấu [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: nấu [natural native speed] |
| Eric: And last.. |
| Hoang Anh: rỏ dãi [natural native speed] |
| Eric: to drool |
| Hoang Anh: rỏ dãi [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Hoang Anh: rỏ dãi [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCAB AND PHRASES |
| Eric: Let's have a closer look at some of the words and phrases from this lesson. The first word is.. |
| Hoang Anh: sang |
| Eric: which means “to come.” |
| Hoang Anh: Sang is a synonym of đến. They both mean “come” and are followed directly by a noun of place. You can use sang to describe movement towards the speaker's place. |
| Eric: The place can be the speaker's house, city, province, hometown, or home country. But you can also use it to say “to go to someone's house.” For example.. |
| Hoang Anh: sang nhà An |
| Eric: which means “go to An's house.” |
| Hoang Anh: You can also use sang together with a foreign country’s name. |
| Eric: In this case it will mean “to go to that country.” For example.. |
| Hoang Anh: sang Mỹ |
| Eric: “to go to the US” |
| Hoang Anh: sang Nhật |
| Eric: “to go to Japan.” |
| Hoang Anh: There is a very common phrase that uses sang. It’s sang nhà ... chơi |
| Eric: In English it literally means “go” or “come to someone's house to play,” but you can translate it as “to come and visit someone's house.” |
| Hoang Anh: For example, you can say.. Khi nào rảnh thì sang nhà tôi chơi nhé. |
| Eric: ...which means “Come to my house when you have time.” Okay, what's the next word? |
| Hoang Anh: mình |
| Eric: which means “we,” or “us.” It’s often followed by a noun or a pair of pronouns. Hoang Anh, when can we use this word? |
| Hoang Anh: You can use mình when you’re with another person or people and are talking about your shared things, things that you own or have together. For example..nhà mình |
| Eric: Meaning “our house,” or “our home” |
| Hoang Anh: công ty mình |
| Eric: “our company” |
| Hoang Anh: nước mình |
| Eric: “our country” |
| Hoang Anh: It’s also used with pairs of pronouns, for example, anh em mình |
| Eric: “we, as brothers” |
| Hoang Anh: vợ chồng mình |
| Eric: “we, as husband and wife” |
| Hoang Anh: Listeners, please remember that mình cannot be used when you talk with another person about your own thing. It’s only used when the other speaker shares that thing with you. |
| Eric: For example, if you talk about your country to a person from another country, and you want to say “our country,” you have to say… |
| Hoang Anh: nước chúng tôi instead of nước mình. If he’s from your country too, then you can say nước mình. |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Hoang Anh: Sure. For example, you can say.. Tối nay gia đình mình đi xem phim đi. |
| Eric: .. which means “Tonight, shall we, the whole family, go to the cinema?” |
| Hoang Anh: Another example is...Nước mình còn nghèo, nên cần phải làm việc chăm chỉ hơn. |
| Eric: “Our country is still poor, so we have to work harder.” Okay, what's the last word? |
| Hoang Anh: rỏ dãi |
| Eric: which means “to drool.” |
| Hoang Anh: rỏ means “to drop” and dãi means “saliva.” We often use rỏ dãi with the word thèm meaning “to crave.” Thèm rỏ dãi means “desperately crave something.” |
| Eric: Hoang Anh, when we can use this phrase? |
| Hoang Anh: You can use thèm rỏ dãi when you see someone eating something you really want to eat or are thinking about something you really want to eat but don’t have at the moment. |
| Eric: It can also be used, but not very commonly, to express that you crave something that another person has but you haven't had it yet. |
| Hoang Anh: thèm rỏ dãi is quite informal. In a more formal situation you can use thèm quá or thèm ghê |
| Eric: Can you give us an example using this word? |
| Hoang Anh: Sure. For example, you can say.. Mùi của thức ăn từ trong bếp làm tôi thèm rỏ dãi. |
| Eric: .. which means “The smell of food from the kitchen makes me drool.” Okay, now onto the lesson focus. |
Lesson focus |
| Eric: In this lesson, you’ll learn how to use comparatives with two or more adjectives. |
| Hoang Anh: In the beginner’s level, we learned how to make the comparative form of an adjective or adverb by adding the word hơn, which means “more” right after it. |
| Eric: Hoang Anh, what about when there are more than two adjectives? |
| Hoang Anh: You can use the same pattern. The grammar structure is...Subject 1 plus adjective 1, adjective 2 and so on plus và, meaning “and,” plus the last adjective in the list. After all that, add hơn, meaning “more,” and subject 2. |
| Eric: Ok, to recap, here we have... |
| Hoang Anh: Subject 1.. adjective 1, adjective 2 and so on... và... the last adjective in the list... hơn... subject 2. |
| Eric: You can apply this structure to both short and long adjectives. For example… |
| Hoang Anh: Cô ấy xinh đẹp và thông minh hơn tôi. |
| Eric: “She is more beautiful and smarter than me.” |
| Hoang Anh: Quyển sách này dày và rẻ hơn quyển kia. |
| Eric: “This book is thicker and cheaper than that one.” |
| Hoang Anh: Mỹ phẩm thiên nhiên sạch và an toàn hơn mỹ phẩm thông thường. |
| Eric: “Natural cosmetics are cleaner and safer than general cosmetics.” |
| Hoang Anh: Nhà này rộng, đẹp và tiện nghi hơn hẳn nhà kia. |
| Eric: “This house is absolutely larger, nicer, and more convenient than that one.” What about adverbs? |
| Hoang Anh: You can use the same grammar structure for adverbs, both short and long. |
| Eric: Can you please give us some examples? |
| Hoang Anh: Sure. An làm việc chăm chỉ và hiệu quả hơn Tâm. |
| Eric: “An works harder and more efficiently than Tâm.” |
| Hoang Anh: Mẹ tôi nấu ăn nhanh và ngon hơn chị tôi. |
| Eric: “My mom cooks faster and better than my sister.” |
| Hoang Anh: Mai nói tiếng Anh trôi chảy và tự tin hơn Linh. |
| Eric: “Mai speaks English more fluently and confidently than Linh.” Ok! The next grammar point is adverbs of degree. You can add adverbs of degree to the comparative form of adjectives and adverbs to emphasize the level of difference between the people or things that are being compared. Hoang Anh, what are the most common adverbs of degree in Vietnamese? |
| Hoang Anh: They are...Nhiều |
| Eric: “much” |
| Hoang Anh: Một chút |
| Eric: “a little” |
| Hoang Anh: Hẳn |
| Eric: “absolutely” |
| Hoang Anh: Listeners, here is a very important rule. You should put the words Nhiều and một chút at the end of the comparative sentences, whereas Hẳn goes right after the word hơn to make hơn hẳn, which means “absolutely much more.” |
| Eric: Hoang Anh, can you give us some sample sentences? |
| Hoang Anh: Sure. For example...Ăn ở nhà rẻ và ngon hơn ăn ở ngoài nhiều. |
| Eric: which means “Eating at home is much cheaper and more delicious than eating out.” |
| Hoang Anh: Quyển sách này dày và rẻ hơn quyển kia một chút. |
| Eric: “This book is a little thicker and cheaper than that one.” |
| Hoang Anh: An làm việc chăm chỉ và hiệu quả hơn hẳn Tâm. |
| Eric: “An works absolutely harder and more efficiently than Tâm.” |
Outro |
| Eric: Okay, that’s all for this lesson. Thank you for listening, everyone, and we’ll see you next time! Bye! |
| Hoang Anh: Tạm biệt. |
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